Bitter; cold; slightly toxic. Enter liver, stomach, small intestine and bladder channels.

Pungent, bitter; warm. Enter spleen, stomach and liver channels. Dry dampness to fortify the spleen, dispel wind and dissipate cold, improve vision.

Pungent, slightly warm. Enter spleen, stomach, large intestine and small intestine. Move qi, soothe the middle, move water and alleviate edema.

Sweet; cold. Enter lung, liver and kidney channels. Cool the blood and relieve steaming, clear the heat and downbear fire.

Pungent and bitter; warm; toxic. Enter lung channel.

Bitter; extremely cold. Enter heart, lung, large intestine and urinary bladder channels. Clear heat and remove toxin, cool the blood, and disperse swelling. Use for common cold fever, swollen sore throat, aphthous ulcers, whooping cough, diarrhea and dysentery, heat stranguria, swelling abscess, insect bite wound.

Bitter and pungent; cool. Enter lung and stomach channels. Release the exterior, relieve vexation, and disperse depressed heat.

Sweet; neutral. Enter lung and kidney channels. Tonify the kidney, replenish lung, stanch bleeding and resolve phlegm.

Pungent; warm. Enter spleen and stomach channels.

Pungent, bitter; slightly cold. Enter liver, gallbladder and lung channels.

Pungent; warm; toxic. Enter spleen, stomach and lung channels. Dry dampness and resolve phlegm, suppressing reverse flow-up of qi and guide qi downward, stop vomiting, relieving stuffiness and dissipating nodule.

Bitter and astringent; cold. Enter lung, liver and spleen channels. Cool the blood to stanch bleeding, resolve phlegm and suppress cough, promote hair growth and blacken hairs.

Sweet, bitter; slightly cold. Enter lung and heart channels. Clear heat and moisten the lung, resolve phlegm and suppress cough, dissipate binds and disperse abscesses.

Sweet, astringent, slightly bitter; neutral. Enter liver and kidney channels. Drain dampness and turbidity, dispel wind and relieve impediment, remove toxin and dissipate stasis.

Pungent; warm. Enter stomach, large intestine and lung channels. Relieve symptoms due to contacting external cold wind, headache especially forehead area, stuffy nose, leucorrhoea, inflammation and expel dampness and pus.

Bitter; slightly cold. Enter urinary bladder channel.

Sweet and slightly bitter; slightly cold. Enter lung and stomach channels.

Salty; slightly cold. Enter liver and kidney channels.

Sweet and pungent; slightly warm. Enter kidney and liver channels.

Pungent; warm. Enter liver, kidney, spleen and stomach channels.

Sweet; cool. Enter lung, stomach and urinary bladder channels.

Bitter, pungent; warm. Enter stomach and large intestine channels.

Bitter and sour; mild cold. Enter liver and spleen channels.

Pungent and bitter; warm. Enter kidney and spleen channels.

Bitter, sweet and astringent; slightly cold. Enter lung, liver and stomach channels. Astringe and stanch bleeding, relieve swelling and promote tissue regeneration.

Sour and astringent; Cold. Enter lung, spleen, liver and large intestine channels.

Pungent; highly toxic; hot. Enter stomach and large intestine channels. Topical application; to heal wounds.

Pungent; warm. Enter lung, spleen and stomach channels. Resolve dampness and move qi, warm zhongjiao to stop vomiting, increase appetite and promote digestion.

Sweet and mild bitter; warm. Enter liver and spleen channels. Move qi, relieve depression, harmonize blood, and relieve pain.

Sweet, bitter; slightly warm. Enter lung channel. Moisten lung, direct qi downward to suppress cough, kill parasite and lice.

Pungent; hot. Enter stomach and large intestine channels. Warm zhongjiao to dissipate cold, direct qi downward and relieve pain.

Bitter, pungent; cold. Enter spleen and stomach channels. Carminative, digestive, anthelmintics.

Pungent and bitter; neutral. Enter heart and spleen channels. Open the orifices, lighten the spirit, move qi, activate blood, relieve pain.

Pungent, bitter; warm; slightly toxic. Enter liver, spleen and kidney channels. Dissipate cold and relieve pain, warm the meridian to stanch bleeding.

Pungent; hot. Enter spleen, stomach, kidney, heart, and lung channels.

Sweet; slightly warm. Enter lung and spleen channels. Tonify qi, stop sweating, promote urination to alleviate edema, engender jin and nourish blood, move qi, relieve pain, healing wound and promote skin generation.

Bitter and sweet; warm. Enter spleen and stomach channels. Fortify the spleen and replenish qi, dry dampness and induce diuresis, check sweating, prevent miscarriage.

Pungent and sweet; slightly warm. Enter urinary bladder, liver and spleen channels. Dispel wind to release the exterior pattern, dispel dampness and relieve pain, arrest convulsions.

Pungent, slightly warm. Enter spleen, stomach and lung channels. Resolve dampness turbidity with aromatic flavor, harmonize zhongjiao and anti-vomiting, release the exterior and summer heat.

Pungent; Neutral. Enter spleen, stomach and lung channel. Resolve dampness with aromatic medicinal, enliven the spleen and increase the appetite, release the exterior and summer heat.